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Elmhurst (formerly Newtown) is a working/middle class neighborhood in the New York City borough of Queens in the United States, on Long Island. It is bounded by Roosevelt Avenue on the north; the Long Island Expressway on the south; Junction Boulevard on the east; and the New York Connecting Railroad on the west. The neighborhood is part of Queens Community Board 4. ==History== The village was established in 1652 by the Dutch as Middenburgh (Middleburgh) and was a suburb of New Amsterdam (''Nieuw Amsterdam'') in New Netherland (''Nieuw Nederland''). The original European settlers of Elmhurst were from the nearby colony of Maspat (now called Maspeth), following threats and attacks by local native Americans.〔 When the British took over New Netherland in 1664, they renamed Middleburgh as New Town (''Nieuwe Stad'') to maintain the Dutch heritage. This was eventually simplified to Newtown. Among the English settlers in the present Elmhurst section of Newtown was Gershom Moore, in whose orchard a chance seedling produced the Newtown Pippin, Colonial America's most famous apple. The village of Newtown was established as the town seat for the Township in 1683.〔 The Town of Newtown comprised villages in Queens County to the north of present-day Forest Park and west of Flushing Meadows. Two years before Queens's 1898 incorporation into the City of Greater New York, Newtown residents renamed their town "Elmhurst", meaning "a grove of elms", to disassociate themselves from Maspeth, Queens, and the smelly, polluted Newtown Creek. The name was chosen because elm trees (''Ulmus americana'') abounded in the area.〔〔 Elmhurst developed into a fashionable district due to a housing development that was built by the Cord Meyer Development Company between 1896 and 1910, north of the Port Washington Branch railroad station. They expanded their holdings between 1905 and 1930, including Elmhurst Square, Elmhurst South, Elmhurst Heights, and New Elmhurst. Elmhurst also became home to the Grand Street LIRR station just west of the current Grand Avenue – Newtown subway station. The Grand Street LIRR station was served by the Main Line and the former Rockaway Beach Branch.〔〔 Prior to World War II, Elmhurst was an almost exclusively Jewish and Italian neighborhood. Following the war, Elmhurst evolved into what has been considered one of the most ethnically diverse neighborhoods in New York City. By the 1980s, there were persons from 112 nations in residence in the neighborhood, which has continued to further diversify since then.〔 Among the largest ethnic groups that have settled in the area are Latinos and Chinese Americans. For many years, the Elmhurst gas tanks, a pair of large natural gas storage structures built in 1910 and 1921 on 57th Avenue between 74th and 80th Streets, were very well known. Because the Long Island Expressway frequently became congested in that area, "backup at the Elmhurst Gas Tanks" became a familiar phrase in radio traffic reporting. The gas holders were removed in 2001.〔Hevesi, Dennis. (" Memory-Filled Tanks; Queens Loses 2 Roadside Landmarks" ), ''The New York Times'', September 20, 1993. Accessed March 24, 2008. "The Elmhurst tanks — those 200-foot monoliths that stood sentinel to the changing landscape of Queens and as harbingers of hair-tearing delay on the highway to Manhattan — are down, deflated forever, their skeletal remains waiting to be dismantled."〕〔(Elmhurst gas tanks ), ''Queens Tribune''. Accessed June 4, 2007. "But when the beloved landmarks weren’t really doing the business anymore they came down in 1996 and by 2001 there was almost no trace of the tanks that once supplied business and homes across the city."〕 The site opened as the Elmhurst Park in 2011. Elmhurst's population, which is mainly working-class, has seen a sharp increase since 1980, and Elmhurst has 110,000 residents , compared to 72,000 in 1980. There has been ample development since the early 2000s, with multiple new apartment buildings completed or under construction since then.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Elmhurst, Queens」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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